ABSTRACT
This work is aimed at critically examining communication as a tool for effective management in the Banking Industry. Union Bank of Nigeria Plc Eastern Area Office was used as a case study.
Literature related to the subject were reviewed. Primary and secondary data were collected through the use of questionnaire, interview and from texts, journals and the company’s records.
From the data collected and analysed, it was found among others that:
1.Face to face communication is not common between the top management and the subordinates.
2.For communication to be effective in an organization that the following factors must be observed or maintained.
a.Management must maintain good employee management relationship
b.A common language should be used for betters understanding of communication intents.
c.Subordinates views should be sought before making decision.
We therefore recommend that to be facilate instruction, the employee responsible for execution should be involved in the formulation of the problem to be solved. Management should therefore, encourage upward communication to obtain information and contribution from subordinates. Management should try to maintain good relationship with the workers in order to have effective communication in an organization.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Purpose of the study
1.4 Scope of the study
1.5 Hypothesis research
1.6 Significance of the study
1.7 Definition of term
Reference
CHAPTER TWO:
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of related literature for clear understanding and Comprehension on communication, this chapter has sub-divided Into followings headings
2.2 Communication channel
2.3 Communication process
2.4 Barriers to effective communication
2.5 Importance of communication in organization
2.6 Summary of literature review
Reference
CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design
3.2 Area of the study
3.3 Population of the study
3.4 Sample and sampling procedures and techniques
3.5 Instrument of data collection
3.6 Validation of the instrument
3.7 Reliability of the instrument
3.8 Methods of data collection
3.9 Method of data analysis
Reference
CHAPTER FOUR:
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Presentation and analysis of data
4.2 Testing of hypothesis
4.3 Summary of result
Reference
CHAPTER FIVE:
DISCUSSION, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Discussion of result findings
5.2 Conclusions
5.3 Implications of the research finding
5.4 Recommendation
5.5 Suggestion for further study
5.6 Limitation of the study
Bibliography
Appendix A and B
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Despite the vital role communication plays in the day-to-day running of an organization there are still numerous cases of ineffective communication in many organization.
The causes of communication problems in the organization could be attributed to the following factors of variables.
When the management of an organisation are friendly and have a good working report, communication tends to be effective but as soon as members of the organisation gossips, or when there is feelings of incompetence and insecurity, there is bound to be ineffective communication.
Moreover ineffective communication in an organisation could as well be a deliberate action of the receiver of the sender. Inability of the sender to properly encode and transmit the message situation about where the subordinate failed to carry out a directive because he thought the superior was not serious.
Ineffective communication could be due to overloading of information. Too much communication bogs down the entire system. Judicious selection of information helps to avoid dogging the entire system with irrelevant memoranda floating around the management from the habit of not reading their mails, and therefore refers to those mails as Junki.
Meanwhile mechanical inefficiency loads to ineffective our organisation. Lack of proper facilitates like telex, telegraphs and fax, telephones etc which is being used for sending and as well as receiving infant business information causes breakdown in communication process.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Inadequacy and distortion of information to gross inefficiencies. This may result from labour management problems, high morale of workers, lack of workers contribution on decision making etc.
Moreover, inadequate communication can also lead to great financial looses important information reporting immediate crucial decision often arrived late when by looses may have been incurred. Delays in communication have endangered management effectiveness where there is a poor information system the result has been that rumour or gossip arose and often inadequate communication brings misunderstanding and conflicts which possibly lead to industrial strikes and interruption in production operations.
Furthermore, information overload brings breakdown in the communication process. Judicious selection of information helps to avoid dogging the entire system with irrelevant information. In organizations where there are too many memoranda floating around, the managers may form the habit of not reading their mails which he may refer to as (Junk) or of no value.
Another problem of communication in filtering it occurs when the sender sieves the information and transmits only the favourable aspect of it. When the whole picture is not presented there scarcely can the real intention of the message be achieved.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This study is aimed at:
1. Identifying the factors that lead to in effective communication in an organization.
2. And possibly, recommending strategies that would ensure that effective communication is been promoted in the organization.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Communication is a very broad topic no consensus has been reached about. The concept but is believed that every human activity involves communication. The scope of this research project will therefore be limited to evaluating the effectives of communication of Union Bank of Nigeria (UBA) Plc. It will also focus on factors that aid or impede effective communication in organizations in addition to highlighting the incidence of participative communication on workers/management relations. The study will also be extended to find out whether communication process has any effect on workers performance and productivity.
1.4 HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH
1. NULL HYPOTHESIS H0
That effective communication process has no effect on workers performance and productivity.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
That effective communication process has an effect on workers performance and productivity.
H0: That effective communication in organization does not exchange democratic or participatory style of leadership.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS H1
That effective communication in organization does encourage democratic or participating style of leadership.
Hi: By encouraging feedback mechanism that finding of superiority by top management cannot be controlled or minimized.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The important of effective communication in an organization cannot be over emphasized the research work will be a good help to both the general public, the organization and as well the researchers.
1.6 OTHER RESEARCHERS
This study will be of great help to the researchers because it may form a source of information for them. They will also gain from the research study since it will expand their knowledge of the subject area.
1.7 THE ORGANISAITON
This study will also benefit the organization because based on the findings and recommendations they will have an unbelieved in sight into the communication process of the enterprise with a view to identify problems areas. The recommendation will also benefit them since their implementation may be a solution to the identified problems. Other organizations that have similar communication problems will also benefit from the study.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Communication - Has been variously defined by different authorities, but the one adopted for this research work is that of Nwachukwu communication is the transfer of ideas from the sender to the receiver.
Organization - According to Rogers and Rogers 1976, organization is a stable system of individuals who work together to achieve through a hierarchy of rank and division of labour, common pals.
Communication Process: Is the means of transmitting message from sender to receiver it describes the means of passing message from sender to the receiver of the message.
Management - Is a social process entailing responsibility for the effective and economical planning and regulations of operation of an enterprise, in fulfillment of a given purpose or task.
Worker - This refers to those who are working the organization to improve standard of living now.
Feedback - Response by a message received & which indicate whether or not the message has been understood.
Encoding - The translation mental perception in some sort of communication code.
Grape Vine - The grape vine is the positive counterpart of rumour in an informal system. But the person who gives out information may not be easy to find.
Rumour - This refers to unofficial and unconfirmed information sent through interpersonal channels there is no clear out evidence to where the information is carried from.
REFERENCE
Adelstain, M.E al (1998) Business Communication for the Information
Age, Orlando publishing Coy.
Conrad (1985) Strategic Organizational Communication Cultures, Situations and Adaptation, New York Holt Rinehart & Winston.
Auden, W.N. (1991) “Prologue: The Birth of Architecture Quoted from Griffin Em (1991) in A First Loom at Communication Theory, New York, McGraw Hall.
Himrest & Batty (1984) Business Communications California, Kent Publishing Company.
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Despite the vital role communication plays in the day-to-day running of an organization there are still numerous cases of ineffective communication in many organization.
The causes of communication problems in the organization could be attributed to the following factors of variables.
When the management of an organisation are friendly and have a good working report, communication tends to be effective but as soon as members of the organisation gossips, or when there is feelings of incompetence and insecurity, there is bound to be ineffective communication.
Moreover ineffective communication in an organisation could as well be a deliberate action of the receiver of the sender. Inability of the sender to properly encode and transmit the message situation about where the subordinate failed to carry out a directive because he thought the superior was not serious.
Ineffective communication could be due to overloading of information. Too much communication bogs down the entire system. Judicious selection of information helps to avoid dogging the entire system with irrelevant memoranda floating around the management from the habit of not reading their mails, and therefore refers to those mails as Junki.
Meanwhile mechanical inefficiency loads to ineffective our organisation. Lack of proper facilitates like telex, telegraphs and fax, telephones etc which is being used for sending and as well as receiving infant business information causes breakdown in communication process.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Inadequacy and distortion of information to gross inefficiencies. This may result from labour management problems, high morale of workers, lack of workers contribution on decision making etc.
Moreover, inadequate communication can also lead to great financial looses important information reporting immediate crucial decision often arrived late when by looses may have been incurred. Delays in communication have endangered management effectiveness where there is a poor information system the result has been that rumour or gossip arose and often inadequate communication brings misunderstanding and conflicts which possibly lead to industrial strikes and interruption in production operations.
Furthermore, information overload brings breakdown in the communication process. Judicious selection of information helps to avoid dogging the entire system with irrelevant information. In organizations where there are too many memoranda floating around, the managers may form the habit of not reading their mails which he may refer to as (Junk) or of no value.
Another problem of communication in filtering it occurs when the sender sieves the information and transmits only the favourable aspect of it. When the whole picture is not presented there scarcely can the real intention of the message be achieved.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This study is aimed at:
1. Identifying the factors that lead to in effective communication in an organization.
2. And possibly, recommending strategies that would ensure that effective communication is been promoted in the organization.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Communication is a very broad topic no consensus has been reached about. The concept but is believed that every human activity involves communication. The scope of this research project will therefore be limited to evaluating the effectives of communication of Union Bank of Nigeria (UBA) Plc. It will also focus on factors that aid or impede effective communication in organizations in addition to highlighting the incidence of participative communication on workers/management relations. The study will also be extended to find out whether communication process has any effect on workers performance and productivity.
1.4 HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH
1. NULL HYPOTHESIS H0
That effective communication process has no effect on workers performance and productivity.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
That effective communication process has an effect on workers performance and productivity.
H0: That effective communication in organization does not exchange democratic or participatory style of leadership.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS H1
That effective communication in organization does encourage democratic or participating style of leadership.
Hi: By encouraging feedback mechanism that finding of superiority by top management cannot be controlled or minimized.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The important of effective communication in an organization cannot be over emphasized the research work will be a good help to both the general public, the organization and as well the researchers.
1.6 OTHER RESEARCHERS
This study will be of great help to the researchers because it may form a source of information for them. They will also gain from the research study since it will expand their knowledge of the subject area.
1.7 THE ORGANISAITON
This study will also benefit the organization because based on the findings and recommendations they will have an unbelieved in sight into the communication process of the enterprise with a view to identify problems areas. The recommendation will also benefit them since their implementation may be a solution to the identified problems. Other organizations that have similar communication problems will also benefit from the study.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Communication - Has been variously defined by different authorities, but the one adopted for this research work is that of Nwachukwu communication is the transfer of ideas from the sender to the receiver.
Organization - According to Rogers and Rogers 1976, organization is a stable system of individuals who work together to achieve through a hierarchy of rank and division of labour, common pals.
Communication Process: Is the means of transmitting message from sender to receiver it describes the means of passing message from sender to the receiver of the message.
Management - Is a social process entailing responsibility for the effective and economical planning and regulations of operation of an enterprise, in fulfillment of a given purpose or task.
Worker - This refers to those who are working the organization to improve standard of living now.
Feedback - Response by a message received & which indicate whether or not the message has been understood.
Encoding - The translation mental perception in some sort of communication code.
Grape Vine - The grape vine is the positive counterpart of rumour in an informal system. But the person who gives out information may not be easy to find.
Rumour - This refers to unofficial and unconfirmed information sent through interpersonal channels there is no clear out evidence to where the information is carried from.
REFERENCE
Adelstain, M.E al (1998) Business Communication for the Information
Age, Orlando publishing Coy.
Conrad (1985) Strategic Organizational Communication Cultures, Situations and Adaptation, New York Holt Rinehart & Winston.
Auden, W.N. (1991) “Prologue: The Birth of Architecture Quoted from Griffin Em (1991) in A First Loom at Communication Theory, New York, McGraw Hall.
Himrest & Batty (1984) Business Communications California, Kent Publishing Company.
